中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
美国高科技企业裁员潮愈加汹涌****** 据央视新闻消息,据路透社1月20日报道,谷歌母公司“字母表”公司在一份员工备忘录中称,由于面临“不同的经济现实”,该公司将裁员约1.2万人。公司称将加倍投入人工智能,并裁减支持实验项目的人员。 此次裁员影响该公司6%的员工。此前,包括亚马逊、微软和元宇宙平台公司在内的科技巨头已经大量裁员。 总部位于加利福尼亚的“字母表”公司的股价20日上涨4%。在过去12个月里,该公司股价已经下跌30%,与整个科技行业24%的跌幅相呼应。 自2019年以来一直担任“字母表”公司老板的孙达尔·皮柴20日在备忘录中称,他对导致裁员的决定承担“全部责任”。 皮柴称,由于“字母表”公司希望为产品融入更多人工智能,现在是“让我们更加专注、重新设计我们的成本基础并将我们的人才和资本引向我们最优先考虑领域”的时刻。 “字母表”公司一直是人工智能领域的领导者,目前正面临来自微软的竞争。 与此同时,由于消费者削减支出,“字母表”公司的主要收入来源广告收入也受到企业削减预算的挤压。 哈格里夫斯-兰斯当股票经纪公司的分析师苏珊娜·斯特里特称:“显然,由于对美国经济衰退的担忧加剧‘字母表’公司也不能幸免于艰难的经济背景。” 斯特里特称:“广告增长已经降温……竞争还在升温‘字母表’公司面临强大的竞争对手TikTok,Instagram也在争夺YouTube的观众。”斯特里特指出,“字母表”公司还被处以数十亿美元的监管罚款。 埃弗科国际战略和投资集团的分析师马克·马哈尼说,“字母表”公司创纪录的员工人数造成了2023财年的重大利润率风险。伯恩斯坦的分析师称,裁员可能为“字母表”公司节省25亿至30亿美元的成本。 随着“字母表”公司裁员,过去几个月里,美国最大的四家科技公司共裁员5.1万人。在美国就业市场依然紧张的情况下,这些数据加剧了人们对经济衰退的担忧。 Equiti投资公司的经济学家斯图尔特·科尔称:“科技行业有点像煤矿里的金丝雀。”科尔认为,科技行业的裁员预示着就业保障的前景终于开始变得更加负面。 在疫情期间更谨慎招聘的苹果迄今为止一直没有裁员。不过,“苹果内幕”网站20日援引消息人士的话报道称,苹果已经开始在百思买等零售渠道裁员。 苹果公司没有立即对该报道发表评论。 两名知情人士在接受记者采访时说,“字母表”公司一直在致力于一项大型人工智能产品的发布。其中一位消息人士称,发布将在春季举行。《纽约时报》也报道称,谷歌计划推出20多种新产品和搜索引擎。 皮柴说,失去工作的人中有招聘人员、企业员工以及工程和产品团队的工作人员。该公司的一名发言人在接受记者的采访时称,该公司已经削减其内部研发部门Area 120的大部分职位。 “字母表”公司工会在一份声明中称,该公司领导层承担“全部责任”的做法“并没有让人感到安慰”。 在美国,“字母表”公司已经向受影响员工发送电子邮件,员工将获得遣散费、六个月的医疗保健以及移民支持。 皮柴在备忘录中说,在海外,根据当地的雇佣法律和惯例,裁员通知将需要更长的时间。亚洲的员工将从2月开始了解裁员是否对他们有影响。 中国网客户端 国家重点新闻网站,9语种权威发布 |